How to find the right wick for my candles

Choosing the right wick for your candle can make the difference between a good and a bad candle.

As a beginner candle maker, buy the wicks pre-tabbed, cut, and coated. The primary differences are the wick sizes in diameter. The diameter of the candle determines the diameter of the wick. Testing wick sizes with your vessels, wax, and fragrance are the only way to know for sure that you have the correct one.

You can buy them pre-tabbed and coated or on a spool.

Candle wicks come in three basic designs that are braided cotton. There are flat braided, square braided, or core braided. The core is usually zinc or paper.

The wick plays an important role in your candle as it is the fuel delivery system between the wax and the flame.

Braiding the cotton allows for oxygen to feed the flame and the wick to bend out of the way so that it will continue to burn.

A wick that is burning faster than the wax can travel upward to feed the flame will mushroom with carbonized soot on the end. This will need to be trimmed off. This will result in a candle that will not last as long or will burn too hot. It may also produce a smokey flame and leave soot.

All candles require testing. I have included affiliate links to help you in your candle-making journey. We may earn money or products from the companies mentioned in this post via affiliate links to products or services associated with content in this article.

A candlewick should be trimmed to 1/4″ after each use.

I am including my cheat sheet for wick sizes because this is the most confusing part of candle making.

Candle Vessel Wick Starter-Guide

Some wicks work better in soy and some better in paraffin. This is just a starting point. This is for containers and pillars. All candles need testing.

Vessel Diameter
mm	inches	Zinc Core	HTP	CDN	CD	ECO	LX
36	1.42					1	8
38	1.50					2	8
39	1.54					2	8
40	1.57		13	3		2	10
42	1.65		31	3		2	10
43	1.69		41	4		2	10
44	1.73		52	4		2	10
45	1.77		62	5	4	2	10
46	1.81	44-24-18	62	5	5	2	10
47	1.85	44-24-18	72	5	5	2	10
49	1.93	44-24-18	73	6	5	2	10
50	1.97	44-24-18	73	7	5	2	10
52	2.05	44-24-18	83	8	6	4	12
55	2.17	44-24-18	83	8	6	4	12
56	2.20	44-24-18	93	8	6	4	12
59	2.32	44-24-18	104	10	7	4	14
63	2.48	44-24-18	104	12	7	6	14
66	2.60	44-24-18	104	14	8	6	16
68	2.68	44-24-18	104	16	8	6	16
71	2.80	51-32-18	105	18	8	8	16
73	2.87	51-32-18	105	18	8	8	16
75	2.95	51-32-18	105	20	8	10	16
78	3.07	51-32-18	126	20	10	10	18
80	3.15	51-32-18	136	22	10	10	18
82	3.23	51-32-18	1212	24	12	12	20
89	3.50	60-44-18	1212	26	14	14	20
95	3.75	60-44-18	1212	28	16	14	21
102	4.00	60-44-18	1212	30	18		22
108	4.25	60-44-18	1312		20		24
114	4.50	60-44-18	XL 100		22		26
121	4.75		XL 100		22		28
127	5.00						30

If you need help – calculating how much wax and fragrance go into the candle

Flat Braided

Flat braided wicks are used for pillar candles or candles that are dipped. This type of wick is usually sold on a spool and you would cut it to length. A flat braided wick would need to be stretched in place and would not stand on its own.

Used in a container candle this wick could fall over or move as the candle burned. I have never seen it sold as a pre-tabbed and coated wick so I doubt that you could buy it that way.

Square Braided

This is the most common wick beginning candle makers use. It is readily available pre-tabbed and coated. They are stiff enough to stand up with the support of a centering tool and easy to work with.

Wicks come in many sizes. The smaller used for tealights have a diameter of about 1.5” and the largest for candle jars at about 3” in diameter. As your candles get larger than 3” I would suggest that you use more than one wick.

I have made so many candles through the years and when you find something that works it is hard to change. I started making candles when I had to make my wicks using a cotton cord, salt, and borax. I poured paraffin wax into milk cartons. It was a mess and the candles were too!

The coating on the wick is not wax. It is a chemical film that is meant to slow down the burning. It is a flame retardant pickling. If you make your wicks from a cotton cord or yarn they will burn fast and hot.

The first commercially made wicks I bought were the CD style. These are ok, but I did not get the consistency I look for when I mass produce. I had issues off and on and switched to HTP. You need to do your testing with what you use.

I only buy from candle supply stores. They are the best resource for what they sell.  I can only tell you about my experience using what I purchased. Unfortunately, wicks from Amazon sometimes are “unknown”.

The other problem I have had through the years is that manufacturers go out of business. Sometimes wick styles are discontinued and a great product I relied on is no longer available.

You will have to stay flexible and keep testing what’s available. Things change.

For my 8-ounce jelly jar candles, I use an HTP-105. This half-pint canning jar is about 2.5” in diameter. There is a taller version of this jar.

There is a pint jelly jar that is also 2.5” in diameter and takes the same HTP-105 wick. These wicks come six inches long and work well with the diameter of a jar when using a GB 464 soy wax. The height of the jar does not matter.

Testing is key! GB 464 is a very soft container of soy wax with a low melting point. A harder wax like a parasoy may need a slightly bigger wick. Fragrances respond differently as well. I have had some floral combinations that just drowned an HTP-105 and had to wick up to an HTP-125.

The type of container plays a role as well.

The wax pool you get when testing a glass container and a tin container with the same diameter is very different. A 2.5” diameter tin container may need an HTP-83 because the glass is not absorbing the heat from the flame.

For my pint jars, I use an HTP-125 even though the opening is 2.5”. The lid is the same as the jelly jar candles. The body of the jar is 3” in diameter and a smaller wick is not enough.

Often a container that is 3″ or more in diameter will need more than 1 wick. If you can’t get a good melt pool it may be that the solution is to use multiple wicks to balance the heat from the flame.

If you have an odd-shaped vessel like a star or a heart it will most likely need multiple wicks.

Core braided

Over the past decades, I have seen this style decline. A zinc-cored wick is not popular now. Because of this, it is harder to find. This helps to keep a candle upright. More popular now maybe a paper core to give the wick more rigidity.

This type of candle wick is better suited for candles like gel candles. Gel candles are transparent and the appearance of a straight wick makes for a better-looking candle. The downside is that if they are coated the gel around the wick sometimes becomes slightly cloudy.

You can make your wick for gel candles using cotton cord and paper. To make the paper core, roll the paper to make a solid staw around the cotton. The wick will need to be primed. Priming the wick is done by dipping it in wax or gel to remove the air. This will allow the bubbles to be released and a more consistent burn.

Gelly Candle Accessories make good wicks for gel candles. Gel candles are not wax and have a different set of rules for wicks.

Gel wick sizes are usually one size bigger than what you would pick for a normal container using soy wax. Gel has a much higher melting point.

Wooden Wicks

This is another type of wick that has become popular in the past few years.  These are fun to work with and offer a different candle to your customer. They also come in a range of sizes. I have seen it most commonly in widths of 3/8”, ½” and ¾”.

They also are a little thicker as they get wider. Again, more testing! These are popular in the fall or with higher-end tumbler-style candles. They go well with designer fragrances as a visual appeal. I think they are fitting with a woodsy theme as well.

Wooden wicks need to be soaked in oil before pouring your candles.

If you would like a natural candlewick like hemp (hard to find) or make them yourself, I have an article on Natural Candle Making

If your wick does not burn right

The correct burning of the wick depends largely on the melting point of your wax and the diameter of the candle. Container candles do not burn the same as pillar candles. The wick selection for them is different as well.

If the wick simply burns a craterlike hole or tunnels down into the candle and burns itself out the wick is too small for that type of wax and container.

If the wick smokes and a bead of carbon forms at the end of the wick it is too large.

Wick will not burn. The wick may be clogged with improper additives, too much fragrance, or improper colorants like crayons or paint.

The wick flame burns high and the melt pool is large. The wick is too big. The melt pool should be about ½’ high after a 3-hour burn at the most.

On a pillar candle, if the wax is dripping over faster than the candle burns. The wick is too small for the diameter of the candle.

The candle sputters. There are air pocks in the wick or close to the wick interfering with the flow of fuel from the wax pool. Sometimes this works its way out. This is usually the candle making process and not the wick.